Nursing School Readmission Appeal Letter Before computing any analyses, state the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis in words (not formulas). Hypotheses

H0: There is not a statistically significant difference in anxiety scores among behavioral, cognitive, biofeedback, and medication therapy.

H1: There is a statistically significant difference in anxiety scores among behavioral, cognitive, biofeedback, and medication therapy

Identify the factor and dependent variable.

The factor variable was the type of therapy.

The dependent variable was anxiety scores.

Name the levels of the factor.

The factor variable was the type of therapy, with four levels (behavioral, cognitive, biofeedback, and medication therapy).

State the degrees of freedom between groups and explain how you calculated it by hand.

There are 3 degrees of freedom between groups calculated as K-1, where k is the number of factor levels. In our case, there are 4 levels, so degrees of freedom = 4-1 = 3

State the degrees of freedom within groups and explain how you calculated it by hand.

There are 16 degrees of freedom within groups calculated as N-K, where N is the total number of participants and k is defined above. In our case, 20-4 = 16.

Identify the obtained F value using SPSS and report it in your answer document.

F(3, 19) = 25.793

Identify the p-value using SPSS and report it in your answer document.

p = .000.

Explain whether the F test is statistically significant. Explain how you know.

A one-way ANOVA, α = .05, was conducted to assess whether there was a statistically significant difference in anxiety scores among behavioral, cognitive, biofeedback, and medication therapy. The results were significant since p =.000 was small (Heiman, 2015).

Explain what the psychologist can conclude about the relationship between different types of therapy and anxiety before conducting post hoc tests.

Since the p-value is small, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a significant effect of therapies on anxiety. The effect of the therapies on anxiety is significantly different.

Should the psychologist conduct a post hoc test? Why or why not? If post hoc testing is needed, conduct a Tukey HSD post hoc analysis in SPSS. Explain what the results tell you.

The psychologist should conduct post hoc tests since the result above were significant and thus is required to identify significantly different therapies. Post hoc analysis using Tukey’s HSD test indicated that the mean score for biofeedback was significantly different from other therapies with p =.000, while scores for cognitive, behavioral, and medication therapies were not significantly different, as indicated in multiple comparisons.

References

Heiman, G. (2015). Behavioral sciences STAT (2nd ed.). Stamford: CT: Cengage.